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Publications
Impartial research, expert opinions, and policy submissions on digital and competition issues worldwide.
FEATURED
Preserving Competition in Answer Engines Under the Digital Markets Act
Answer engines are the evolution of general search. In Europe, the Digital Markets Act shapes this competition and requires the Commission to clarify access and self-preferencing rules while ensuring regulatory consistency.
Report
Digital Competition Regime
Preserving Competition in Answer Engines Under the Digital Markets Act
Answer engines are the evolution of general search. In Europe, the Digital Markets Act shapes this competition and requires the Commission to clarify access and self-preferencing rules while ensuring regulatory consistency.
February 23, 2026
Analysis
Generative AI
Why Does France Study Conversational Agents and Agentic Commerce?
Conversational agents and agentic commerce reshape the economics of the web and e-commerce. The French competition authority should assess regulatory impacts and the analytical framework on AI and digital markets.
January 27, 2026
Analysis
Digital Competition Regime
Do Cloud Computing Services Fall Under the Digital Markets Act?
Cloud computing services do not act as intermediaries between business users and end users. Even when they provide marketplaces, these services do not have an entrenched and durable position, thereby falling outside the DMA’s scope.
January 26, 2026
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