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Publications

Impartial research, expert opinions, and policy submissions on digital and competition issues worldwide.

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Preserving Competition in Answer Engines Under the Digital Markets Act

Answer engines are the evolution of general search. In Europe, the Digital Markets Act shapes this competition and requires the Commission to clarify access and self-preferencing rules while ensuring regulatory consistency.

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digital competition

Analysis

Digital Competition Regime

Gatekeeper Acquisitions Under the DMA: Market Trends and Implications for Merger Policy

Gatekeeper acquisitions increasingly target Artificial Intelligence (AI). Existing merger control tools are sufficient to review these transactions. However, the Commission should remove the proposed unjustified exception for gatekeepers from its draft merger guidelines.

September 7, 2026

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digital competition

Opinion

Digital Competition Regime

The CMA Should Get App Store Rules Right

The UK could become the first country to set principles for app store steering fees. It should explain more convincingly why digital markets deserve utility-style pricing.

July 28, 2026

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digital competition

Analysis

Digital Competition Regime

What the EU Should Learn from the UK Cloud Services Investigation

Following the UK’s cloud services decision, the European Commission should ensure international coherence and seek voluntary commitments from firms to address competition concerns in the sector.

June 11, 2026

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digital competition

Opinion

Generative AI

Agentic AI is Reshaping Digital Markets

Agentic AI is redrawing the boundaries of digital markets. European competition rules risk delaying the continent’s entry into the agentic era unless they offer greater legal certainty and proportionality.

May 25, 2026

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